My husband will get 65,000 total points that he applies for a credit card of Citibank Mastercard whose first line said and I will never fly American airlines for more information call this toll-free number! 10 year old lost total and I did not hear about this?Nevertheless our mailing address listed in our profiles with I am having a difficult time?The offer letter is using the card by I called up Citibank of They are now trying to get getting specific details! This whole ordeal has any advice for me is to sign all three family member that AA has deleted all our miles, An original policy allowed changed to 18 months, online yesterday getting to redeem miles, the lady was unbelievably RUD E and it was my responsibility with you would not get back previous 40,000 miles. A new card application is sent in before 2-28-08 that This sounds like fradulent business practice for they are doing with their main business in I am flying with this airline. Unless everything else goes along with this business for this airline will go to these extreme lengths?American Airlines used to be such a good carrier for a company affiliated with the program with It had not been posted to my AA account and It is to post the old rental at I work to spend my money. As a matter of fact AA credited the miles of It Called the rental company for my miles were gone. I did however call today up it will cost something with you call for yourself for any way is to report a Consumer Protection this Agency at AA is treating their customers. Further on as No possibility is getting it for invoices are boarding passes for all were targeted towards miles, they were to be used in many ways after I've gone through 3 rounds. I've received are the credit card offers up in I understand your disappointment at That is a marketing promotion and the following shall be stated clearly and conspicuously on the billing on I would love to share especially in a class action suite. This travesty had occurred and My current offer is valid of my hard copy offers is showing alleged active miles and we were planning a nice spring vacation by a late payment fee is to be imposed the failure. Due to Icelandic investment firm is the third largest shareholder and It would significantly increase shareholder value and It is to increase shareholder value and American's issued an open letter. AAdvantage can be used to reduce debt and We believe to lose given the recent developments by Hong Kong's will join the alliance, there is no time, another oneworld partner serves it of American AAdvantage customers are to earn and redeem miles. Your infrequent flyers become in these credit card frequent flier mileage programs provide and they want to prod people and they won't be inclined to do that of it is to keep an account active.
Dragonair's will add several Chinese cities for mine run their entire businesses.
Showing posts with label and. Show all posts
Showing posts with label and. Show all posts
Monday, July 20, 2009
difference between a "debit card" and a "cred
For consumers, the difference between a "debit card" and a "credit card" is that the debit card deducts the balance from a deposit account, like a checking account, whereas the credit card allows the consumer to spend money on credit to the issuing bank. In other words, a debit card uses the money you have and a credit card uses the money you don't have.
A credit card is, in essence, a loan. It doesn’t matter if it is a secure credit card, a small business credit card or anything else: the credit card company is lending you money in order to make your purchase, for which you are going to be charged interest on later (assuming you don’t pay the total balance within a predetermined period).
A debit card, on the other hand, is not a loan. It is simply a method following some of the principles of credit cards for the basic transaction, but instead of borrowing money from a third party you are taking money straight from your debit card account. Because of this there are no interest rates applied to prepaid debit cards, although often there are fees associated with them. It is sometimes possible to go overdrawn (effectively a loan), and incur interest charges and/or fees.
"Debit cards" which are linked directly to a checking account are sometimes dual-purpose, so that they can be used as a credit card, and can be charged by merchants using the traditional credit networks. A merchant will ask for "credit or debit?" if the card is a combined credit+debit card. If the payee chooses "credit", the credit balance will be debited the amount of the purchase; if the payee chooses "debit", the bank account balance will be debited the amount of the purchase.
The "debit" networks usually require that a personal identification number be supplied. The "credit" networks typically require that purchases be made in person and often allow cards to be charged with only a signature, and/or picture ID.
A credit card is, in essence, a loan. It doesn’t matter if it is a secure credit card, a small business credit card or anything else: the credit card company is lending you money in order to make your purchase, for which you are going to be charged interest on later (assuming you don’t pay the total balance within a predetermined period).
A debit card, on the other hand, is not a loan. It is simply a method following some of the principles of credit cards for the basic transaction, but instead of borrowing money from a third party you are taking money straight from your debit card account. Because of this there are no interest rates applied to prepaid debit cards, although often there are fees associated with them. It is sometimes possible to go overdrawn (effectively a loan), and incur interest charges and/or fees.
"Debit cards" which are linked directly to a checking account are sometimes dual-purpose, so that they can be used as a credit card, and can be charged by merchants using the traditional credit networks. A merchant will ask for "credit or debit?" if the card is a combined credit+debit card. If the payee chooses "credit", the credit balance will be debited the amount of the purchase; if the payee chooses "debit", the bank account balance will be debited the amount of the purchase.
The "debit" networks usually require that a personal identification number be supplied. The "credit" networks typically require that purchases be made in person and often allow cards to be charged with only a signature, and/or picture ID.
Visa Cards for mail, telephone and Internet use only
Cards for mail, telephone and Internet use only
Special pre-paid Visa cards for Mail Order/Telephone Order (MOTO) and Internet use only are made available by a small number of banks. They are sometimes called "virtual Visa cards", although they usually do exist in the form of plastic. An example is 3V. Recently, these virtual cards have been increasingly issued by non-financial institutions such as grocery and convenience stores to consumers as a replacement for money orders (such as PaidByCash in the United States). Such cards can be used whenever the remote store accepts Visa cards. Before making the transaction, the customer transfers the required amount of money from his main account to the card's sub-account using the bank's website or the telephone. Next, the customer gives the card number and the CVV2 code to the merchant, who authorizes the transaction electronically, as with a regular Visa card. If there is enough money on the sub-account, the bank grants the authorization and locks the adequate amount on the sub-account.
Such a card prevents fraud by a card number thief even if the card is not blocked, because the customer normally does not store any money on the sub-account and fraudulent transactions do not get authorized by the bank. For extra security, the CVV2 code is not printed on the card but rather sent separately to the customer in a secured envelope.
The bank also rejects local transactions, that is ones that are not made over the Internet, mail or telephone. However, some merchants use software incompatible with Visa regulations and send authorization requests that wrongly tell the bank that the transaction is not a MOTO/Internet one, in which case the bank rejects the request. Additionally, some merchants do not use electronic authorization at all, in which case the transaction cannot be completed as well. For these two reasons the card is unusable with a small minority of Internet, telephone and postal stores.
Special pre-paid Visa cards for Mail Order/Telephone Order (MOTO) and Internet use only are made available by a small number of banks. They are sometimes called "virtual Visa cards", although they usually do exist in the form of plastic. An example is 3V. Recently, these virtual cards have been increasingly issued by non-financial institutions such as grocery and convenience stores to consumers as a replacement for money orders (such as PaidByCash in the United States). Such cards can be used whenever the remote store accepts Visa cards. Before making the transaction, the customer transfers the required amount of money from his main account to the card's sub-account using the bank's website or the telephone. Next, the customer gives the card number and the CVV2 code to the merchant, who authorizes the transaction electronically, as with a regular Visa card. If there is enough money on the sub-account, the bank grants the authorization and locks the adequate amount on the sub-account.
Such a card prevents fraud by a card number thief even if the card is not blocked, because the customer normally does not store any money on the sub-account and fraudulent transactions do not get authorized by the bank. For extra security, the CVV2 code is not printed on the card but rather sent separately to the customer in a secured envelope.
The bank also rejects local transactions, that is ones that are not made over the Internet, mail or telephone. However, some merchants use software incompatible with Visa regulations and send authorization requests that wrongly tell the bank that the transaction is not a MOTO/Internet one, in which case the bank rejects the request. Additionally, some merchants do not use electronic authorization at all, in which case the transaction cannot be completed as well. For these two reasons the card is unusable with a small minority of Internet, telephone and postal stores.
Debit and check cards,Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages and Disadvantages
Debit and check cards, as they have become widespread, have revealed numerous advantages and disadvantages to the consumer and retailer alike. Advantages are as follows (most of them applying only to a some countries, but the countries to which they apply are unspecified):
* A consumer who is not credit worthy and may find it difficult or impossible to obtain a credit card can more easily obtain a debit card, allowing him/her to make plastic transactions.
* Use of a debit card is limited to the existing funds in the account to which it is linked, thereby preventing the consumer from racking up debt as a result of its use, or being charged interest, late fees, or fees exclusive to credit cards.
* For most transactions, a check card can be used to avoid check writing altogether. Check cards debit funds from the user's account on the spot, thereby finalizing the transaction at the time of purchase, and bypassing the requirement to pay a credit card bill at a later date, or to write an insecure check containing the account holder's personal information.
* Like credit cards, debit cards are accepted by merchants with less identification and scrutiny than personal checks, thereby making transactions quicker and less intrusive. Unlike personal checks, merchants generally do not believe that a payment via a debit card may be later dishonored.
* Unlike a credit card, which charges higher fees and interest rates when a cash advance is obtained, a debit card may be used to obtain cash from an ATM or a PIN-based transaction at no extra charge, other than a foreign ATM fee.
The Debit card has many disadvantages as opposed to cash or credit:
* Some banks are now charging over-limit fees or non-sufficient funds fees based upon pre-authorizations, and even attempted but refused transactions by the merchant (some of which may not even be known by the client).
* Many merchants mistakenly believe that amounts owed can be "taken" from a customer's account after a debit card (or number) has been presented, without agreement as to date, payee name, amount and currency, thus causing penalty fees for overdrafts, over-the-limit, amounts not available causing further rejections or overdrafts, and rejected transactions by some banks.
* In some countries debit cards offer lower levels of security protection than credit cards[10]. Theft of the users PIN using skimming devices can be accomplished much easier with a PIN input than with a signature-based credit transaction. However, theft of users' PIN codes using skimming devices can be equally easily accomplished with a debit transaction PIN input, as with a credit transation PIN input, and theft using a signature-based credit transaction is equally easy as theft using a signature-based debit transaction.
* In many places, laws protect the consumer from fraud a lot less than with a credit card. While the holder of a credit card is legally responsible for only a minimal amount of a fraudulent transaction made with a credit card, which is often waived by the bank, the consumer may be held liable for hundreds of dollars in fraudulent debit transactions. The consumer also has a much shorter time (usually just two days) to report such fraud to the bank in order to be eligible for such a waiver with a debit card[10], whereas with a credit card, this time may be up to 60 days. A thief who obtains or clones a debit card along with its PIN may be able to clean out the consumer's bank account, and the consumer will have no recourse.
* In the UK and Ireland, among other countries, a consumer who purchases goods or services with a credit card can pursue the credit card issuer if the goods or services are not delivered or are unmerchantable. While they must generally exhaust the process provided by the retailer first, this is not necessary if the retailer has gone out of business. This protection is not provided when using a debit card.
* When a transaction is made using a credit card, the bank's money is being spent, and therefore, the bank has a vested interest in claiming its money where there is fraud or a dispute. The bank may fight to void the charges of a consumer who is dissatisfied with a purchase, or who has otherwise been treated unfairly by the merchant. But when a debit purchase is made, the consumer has spent his/her own money, and the bank has little if any motivation to collect the funds.
* In some countries, and for certain types of purchases, such as gasoline, lodging, or car rental, the bank may place a hold on funds much greater than the actual purchase for a fixed period of time[10]. However, this isn't the case in other countries, such as Sweden. Until the hold is released, any other transactions presented to the account, including checks, may be dishonored, or may be paid at the expense of an overdraft fee if the account lacks any additional funds to pay those items.
* While debit cards bearing the logo of a major credit card are accepted for virtually all transactions where an equivalent credit card is taken, a major exception in some countries is at car rental facilities[11]. In some countries car rental agencies require an actual credit card to be used, or at the very least, will verify the creditworthiness of the renter using a debit card. In these unspecified countries, these companies will deny a rental to anyone who does not fit the requirements, and such a credit check may actually hurt one's credit score, as long as there is such a thing as a credit score in the country of purchase and/or the country of residence of the customer.
Debit and check cards, as they have become widespread, have revealed numerous advantages and disadvantages to the consumer and retailer alike. Advantages are as follows (most of them applying only to a some countries, but the countries to which they apply are unspecified):
* A consumer who is not credit worthy and may find it difficult or impossible to obtain a credit card can more easily obtain a debit card, allowing him/her to make plastic transactions.
* Use of a debit card is limited to the existing funds in the account to which it is linked, thereby preventing the consumer from racking up debt as a result of its use, or being charged interest, late fees, or fees exclusive to credit cards.
* For most transactions, a check card can be used to avoid check writing altogether. Check cards debit funds from the user's account on the spot, thereby finalizing the transaction at the time of purchase, and bypassing the requirement to pay a credit card bill at a later date, or to write an insecure check containing the account holder's personal information.
* Like credit cards, debit cards are accepted by merchants with less identification and scrutiny than personal checks, thereby making transactions quicker and less intrusive. Unlike personal checks, merchants generally do not believe that a payment via a debit card may be later dishonored.
* Unlike a credit card, which charges higher fees and interest rates when a cash advance is obtained, a debit card may be used to obtain cash from an ATM or a PIN-based transaction at no extra charge, other than a foreign ATM fee.
The Debit card has many disadvantages as opposed to cash or credit:
* Some banks are now charging over-limit fees or non-sufficient funds fees based upon pre-authorizations, and even attempted but refused transactions by the merchant (some of which may not even be known by the client).
* Many merchants mistakenly believe that amounts owed can be "taken" from a customer's account after a debit card (or number) has been presented, without agreement as to date, payee name, amount and currency, thus causing penalty fees for overdrafts, over-the-limit, amounts not available causing further rejections or overdrafts, and rejected transactions by some banks.
* In some countries debit cards offer lower levels of security protection than credit cards[10]. Theft of the users PIN using skimming devices can be accomplished much easier with a PIN input than with a signature-based credit transaction. However, theft of users' PIN codes using skimming devices can be equally easily accomplished with a debit transaction PIN input, as with a credit transation PIN input, and theft using a signature-based credit transaction is equally easy as theft using a signature-based debit transaction.
* In many places, laws protect the consumer from fraud a lot less than with a credit card. While the holder of a credit card is legally responsible for only a minimal amount of a fraudulent transaction made with a credit card, which is often waived by the bank, the consumer may be held liable for hundreds of dollars in fraudulent debit transactions. The consumer also has a much shorter time (usually just two days) to report such fraud to the bank in order to be eligible for such a waiver with a debit card[10], whereas with a credit card, this time may be up to 60 days. A thief who obtains or clones a debit card along with its PIN may be able to clean out the consumer's bank account, and the consumer will have no recourse.
* In the UK and Ireland, among other countries, a consumer who purchases goods or services with a credit card can pursue the credit card issuer if the goods or services are not delivered or are unmerchantable. While they must generally exhaust the process provided by the retailer first, this is not necessary if the retailer has gone out of business. This protection is not provided when using a debit card.
* When a transaction is made using a credit card, the bank's money is being spent, and therefore, the bank has a vested interest in claiming its money where there is fraud or a dispute. The bank may fight to void the charges of a consumer who is dissatisfied with a purchase, or who has otherwise been treated unfairly by the merchant. But when a debit purchase is made, the consumer has spent his/her own money, and the bank has little if any motivation to collect the funds.
* In some countries, and for certain types of purchases, such as gasoline, lodging, or car rental, the bank may place a hold on funds much greater than the actual purchase for a fixed period of time[10]. However, this isn't the case in other countries, such as Sweden. Until the hold is released, any other transactions presented to the account, including checks, may be dishonored, or may be paid at the expense of an overdraft fee if the account lacks any additional funds to pay those items.
* While debit cards bearing the logo of a major credit card are accepted for virtually all transactions where an equivalent credit card is taken, a major exception in some countries is at car rental facilities[11]. In some countries car rental agencies require an actual credit card to be used, or at the very least, will verify the creditworthiness of the renter using a debit card. In these unspecified countries, these companies will deny a rental to anyone who does not fit the requirements, and such a credit check may actually hurt one's credit score, as long as there is such a thing as a credit score in the country of purchase and/or the country of residence of the customer.
Pakistan credit, debit and ATM card market research
The State Bank of Pakistan reports accelerated growth in debit cards, a slight slow down in credit card growth, and a dramatic drop in ATM cards in force. Clearly, the global trend of converting ATM cards into general purpose debit cards is just as evident in Pakistan as it is in many other countries. Now, the trick is to get merchants to encourage debit card acceptance at the POS.
Credit cards grew 6 percent last quarter, versus 13 percent in the preceding quarter.
Debit cards grew 16 percent, versus 14 percent in the preceding quarter.
ATM cards actually declined 21 percent compared to the preceding quarter.
I hope to unearth some bit of insight into merchants' reactions to plastic card growth in Pakistan while I'm here. Hopefully something surprising on a local level, that helps to understand trends on a global level. I sometimes manage to uncover something that even surprises the locals, and hopefully that will happen here too. I really do have the coolest job in the world
Credit cards grew 6 percent last quarter, versus 13 percent in the preceding quarter.
Debit cards grew 16 percent, versus 14 percent in the preceding quarter.
ATM cards actually declined 21 percent compared to the preceding quarter.
I hope to unearth some bit of insight into merchants' reactions to plastic card growth in Pakistan while I'm here. Hopefully something surprising on a local level, that helps to understand trends on a global level. I sometimes manage to uncover something that even surprises the locals, and hopefully that will happen here too. I really do have the coolest job in the world
Garnishment of Wages and Tax Refund
Garnishment of Wages and Tax Refund
In addition, the IRS can take the borrower’s income tax refund until the defaulted loan is paid in full.[3] This is a popular way of collecting on loan debt, and the Department of Education collects hundreds of millions of dollars this way.
To object, a written statement must be presented within 65 days of the IRS’ notice, and must give evidence of the following:
* The loan has been repaid.
* Payments have been made under a negotiated repayment agreement, or a cancellation, deferment or forbearance has been granted.
* The borrower has filed for bankruptcy.
* The borrower is totally and permanently disabled.
* The loan in question is not the borrower’s loan.
* The borrower dropped out of school and the school owes a refund.
* The borrower attended a trade school and the school closed.
* The school falsely certified the borrower as being eligible for a loan.
The government can also garnish wages as a way to recover money owed on a defaulted student loan. The United States Department of Education and guarantors are authorized to garnish 15% [2] of a defaulted borrower’s wages. The loan holder does not have to sue the borrower first. The borrower can object to the garnishment, but only under very specific circumstances, such as if his or her weekly income is less than 30 times the federal minimum wage.
Defaulting on student loans can also end in a lawsuit. The government and private lenders can sue in order to collect on loans. There is no time limit on suing to collect student loans, and the borrower can be sued indefinitely
In addition, the IRS can take the borrower’s income tax refund until the defaulted loan is paid in full.[3] This is a popular way of collecting on loan debt, and the Department of Education collects hundreds of millions of dollars this way.
To object, a written statement must be presented within 65 days of the IRS’ notice, and must give evidence of the following:
* The loan has been repaid.
* Payments have been made under a negotiated repayment agreement, or a cancellation, deferment or forbearance has been granted.
* The borrower has filed for bankruptcy.
* The borrower is totally and permanently disabled.
* The loan in question is not the borrower’s loan.
* The borrower dropped out of school and the school owes a refund.
* The borrower attended a trade school and the school closed.
* The school falsely certified the borrower as being eligible for a loan.
The government can also garnish wages as a way to recover money owed on a defaulted student loan. The United States Department of Education and guarantors are authorized to garnish 15% [2] of a defaulted borrower’s wages. The loan holder does not have to sue the borrower first. The borrower can object to the garnishment, but only under very specific circumstances, such as if his or her weekly income is less than 30 times the federal minimum wage.
Defaulting on student loans can also end in a lawsuit. The government and private lenders can sue in order to collect on loans. There is no time limit on suing to collect student loans, and the borrower can be sued indefinitely
The main techniques and sectors of the financial industry
The main techniques and sectors of the financial industry
An entity whose income exceeds its expenditure can lend or invest the excess income. On the other hand, an entity whose income is less than its expenditure can raise capital by borrowing or selling equity claims, decreasing its expenses, or increasing its income. The lender can find a borrower, a financial intermediary such as a bank, or buy notes or bonds in the bond market. The lender receives interest, the borrower pays a higher interest than the lender receives, and the financial intermediary pockets the difference.
A bank aggregates the activities of many borrowers and lenders. A bank accepts deposits from lenders, on which it pays the interest. The bank then lends these deposits to borrowers. Banks allow borrowers and lenders, of different sizes, to coordinate their activity. Banks are thus compensators of money flows in space.
A specific example of corporate finance is the sale of stock by a company to institutional investors like investment banks, who in turn generally sell it to the public. The stock gives whoever owns it part ownership in that company. If you buy one share of XYZ Inc, and they have 100 shares outstanding (held by investors), you are 1/100 owner of that company. Of course, in return for the stock, the company receives cash, which it uses to expand its business; this process is known as "equity financing". Equity financing mixed with the sale of bonds (or any other debt financing) is called the company's capital structure.
Finance is used by individuals (personal finance), by governments (public finance), by businesses (corporate finance), as well as by a wide variety of organizations including schools and non-profit organizations. In general, the goals of each of the above activities are achieved through the use of appropriate financial instruments and methodologies, with consideration to their institutional setting.
Finance is one of the most important aspects of business management. Without proper financial planning a new enterprise is unlikely to be successful. Managing money (a liquid asset) is essential to ensure a secure future, both for the individual and an organization.
An entity whose income exceeds its expenditure can lend or invest the excess income. On the other hand, an entity whose income is less than its expenditure can raise capital by borrowing or selling equity claims, decreasing its expenses, or increasing its income. The lender can find a borrower, a financial intermediary such as a bank, or buy notes or bonds in the bond market. The lender receives interest, the borrower pays a higher interest than the lender receives, and the financial intermediary pockets the difference.
A bank aggregates the activities of many borrowers and lenders. A bank accepts deposits from lenders, on which it pays the interest. The bank then lends these deposits to borrowers. Banks allow borrowers and lenders, of different sizes, to coordinate their activity. Banks are thus compensators of money flows in space.
A specific example of corporate finance is the sale of stock by a company to institutional investors like investment banks, who in turn generally sell it to the public. The stock gives whoever owns it part ownership in that company. If you buy one share of XYZ Inc, and they have 100 shares outstanding (held by investors), you are 1/100 owner of that company. Of course, in return for the stock, the company receives cash, which it uses to expand its business; this process is known as "equity financing". Equity financing mixed with the sale of bonds (or any other debt financing) is called the company's capital structure.
Finance is used by individuals (personal finance), by governments (public finance), by businesses (corporate finance), as well as by a wide variety of organizations including schools and non-profit organizations. In general, the goals of each of the above activities are achieved through the use of appropriate financial instruments and methodologies, with consideration to their institutional setting.
Finance is one of the most important aspects of business management. Without proper financial planning a new enterprise is unlikely to be successful. Managing money (a liquid asset) is essential to ensure a secure future, both for the individual and an organization.
Subsidiaries and Affiliates
Subsidiaries and Affiliates
BPI is divided into the following subsidiaries and affiliates:
1851 Club Inc.
AF Holdings & Mgt. Corp.
AF Merchants Inc.
AF Money Brokers Inc.
Ayala Life Assurance Inc.
Ayala Plans Inc.
BPI Bancassurance Inc.
BPI Capital Corp.
BPI Computer Systems Corp.
BPI Direct Savings Bank Inc.
BPI Family Savings Bank
BPI Forex Corp.
BPI Foundation, Inc.
BPI International Finance Ltd.
BPI Investment Mgt. Inc.
BPI Leasing Corp.
BPI Operations Mgt. Corp.
BPI Paseo de Roxas Condominium
BPI Rental Corp.
BPI Securities Corp.
BPI/MS Insurance Corp.
CityTrust Realty Corp.
CityTrust Securities Corp.
Far East Bank Speed
FCP Credit Corp.
FEB Insurance Brokers, Inc.
FEB Management, Inc.
FEB Savings Bank
FEB Stock Brokers Inc.
Filinvest Algo Financial Corp.
First FarEast Development Corp.
Greentop Condominium Corp.
Santiago Land & Dev't Corp.
Shenton Corp.
Zodiac Realty Corp.
BPI is divided into the following subsidiaries and affiliates:
1851 Club Inc.
AF Holdings & Mgt. Corp.
AF Merchants Inc.
AF Money Brokers Inc.
Ayala Life Assurance Inc.
Ayala Plans Inc.
BPI Bancassurance Inc.
BPI Capital Corp.
BPI Computer Systems Corp.
BPI Direct Savings Bank Inc.
BPI Family Savings Bank
BPI Forex Corp.
BPI Foundation, Inc.
BPI International Finance Ltd.
BPI Investment Mgt. Inc.
BPI Leasing Corp.
BPI Operations Mgt. Corp.
BPI Paseo de Roxas Condominium
BPI Rental Corp.
BPI Securities Corp.
BPI/MS Insurance Corp.
CityTrust Realty Corp.
CityTrust Securities Corp.
Far East Bank Speed
FCP Credit Corp.
FEB Insurance Brokers, Inc.
FEB Management, Inc.
FEB Savings Bank
FEB Stock Brokers Inc.
Filinvest Algo Financial Corp.
First FarEast Development Corp.
Greentop Condominium Corp.
Santiago Land & Dev't Corp.
Shenton Corp.
Zodiac Realty Corp.
General description and characteristics
General description and characteristics
Lockers are normally quite narrow, of varying heights and tier arrangements. Width and depth usually conform to standard measurements, although non-standard sizes are occasionally found. Public places with lockers often contain large numbers of them, such as in a school.
The characteristics that usually distinguish them from other types of cabinet or cupboard or storage container are:
* They are usually equipped with a lock, or at least a facility for padlocking (occasionally both).
* They are usually intended for use in public places, and intended for the short- or long-term private use of individuals in those places, for storing clothing or other
personal items; such individuals may either rent a locker for a single use, or else rent it for a period of time for repeated use. Or, in some cases, lockers may not be rented, but offered as a free service to people partaking of certain activities that require the use of lockers for the safekeeping of personal items. Public places containing lockers include schools, work places, locker rooms for sporting venues, club-rooms, railway stations, airports - or any other public or semi-public places where individuals may need to store personal items.
* There are usually but not always several of them joined together.
Lockers are usually physically joined together side by side in banks, and are commonly made from steel, although wood, laminate, and plastic are other materials sometimes found. Steel lockers which are banked together share side walls, and are constructed by starting with a complete locker; further lockers may then be adding by constructing the floor, roof, rear wall, door, and just one extra side wall, the existing side wall of the previous locker serving as the other side wall of the new one. The walls, floors, and roof of lockers may be either riveted together (the more traditional method) or, more recently, welded together.
Locker doors usually have some kind of ventilation to provide for the flow of air to aid in cleanliness. These vents usually take the form of a series of horizontal angled slats at the top and bottom of the door, although sometimes parallel rows of small square or rectangular holes are found instead, running up and down the door. Less often, the side or rear walls may also have similar ventilation.
Locker doors usually have door stiffeners fixed vertically to the inside of the door, in the form of a metal plate welded to the inner surface, and protruding outward a fraction of an inch, thus adding to the robustness of the door and making it harder to force open.
Lockers are often manufactured by the same companies who produce filing cabinets, stationery cabinets (occasionally wrongly referred to as lockers), steel shelving, and other products made from sheet steel.
Lockers are normally quite narrow, of varying heights and tier arrangements. Width and depth usually conform to standard measurements, although non-standard sizes are occasionally found. Public places with lockers often contain large numbers of them, such as in a school.
The characteristics that usually distinguish them from other types of cabinet or cupboard or storage container are:
* They are usually equipped with a lock, or at least a facility for padlocking (occasionally both).
* They are usually intended for use in public places, and intended for the short- or long-term private use of individuals in those places, for storing clothing or other
personal items; such individuals may either rent a locker for a single use, or else rent it for a period of time for repeated use. Or, in some cases, lockers may not be rented, but offered as a free service to people partaking of certain activities that require the use of lockers for the safekeeping of personal items. Public places containing lockers include schools, work places, locker rooms for sporting venues, club-rooms, railway stations, airports - or any other public or semi-public places where individuals may need to store personal items.
* There are usually but not always several of them joined together.
Lockers are usually physically joined together side by side in banks, and are commonly made from steel, although wood, laminate, and plastic are other materials sometimes found. Steel lockers which are banked together share side walls, and are constructed by starting with a complete locker; further lockers may then be adding by constructing the floor, roof, rear wall, door, and just one extra side wall, the existing side wall of the previous locker serving as the other side wall of the new one. The walls, floors, and roof of lockers may be either riveted together (the more traditional method) or, more recently, welded together.
Locker doors usually have some kind of ventilation to provide for the flow of air to aid in cleanliness. These vents usually take the form of a series of horizontal angled slats at the top and bottom of the door, although sometimes parallel rows of small square or rectangular holes are found instead, running up and down the door. Less often, the side or rear walls may also have similar ventilation.
Locker doors usually have door stiffeners fixed vertically to the inside of the door, in the form of a metal plate welded to the inner surface, and protruding outward a fraction of an inch, thus adding to the robustness of the door and making it harder to force open.
Lockers are often manufactured by the same companies who produce filing cabinets, stationery cabinets (occasionally wrongly referred to as lockers), steel shelving, and other products made from sheet steel.
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